Rain gardens as a part of Nature-based solutions for the territory of Novi Sad and Serbia
The aim of the project is install rain gardens projects as a part of Nature-based Solutions in urban and rural areas of Serbia, in order to transform them into spaces that will promote green areas inspired with nature, to reduce the risk of floods, reduce pollution, preserve biodiversity and enhance the environment. Goals of project are to represent rain gardens trough practical, pioneering implementation projects that can address global climate change and also support sustainable development
National
Serbia
Municipality of Novi Sad and its surrounding settlement
It addresses urban-rural linkages
It refers to other types of transformations (soft investment)
No
No
Yes
2023-01-01
As an individual
First name: Amela Last name: Greksa Gender: Female Nationality: Serbia Address (country of permanent residence for individuals or address of the organisation)<br/>Street and number: Vojina Paleksica 10, Town: Kac Postal code: 21241 Country: Serbia Direct Tel:+381612093283 E-mail:amela.greksa@gmail.com Website:https://www.kisnivrtovigreksa.rs/
The project represents the promotion and implementation of rain gardens as a part of Nature based approach for urban and rural area of Novi Sad, Serbia. The main objective of the project was to install a concrete pioneering examples of rain gardens that have not been implemented before in Serbia and present them from the ecological, sustainable and aesthetic aspect. The use of rain gardens is an innovative and fully sustainable way for managing rainwater, which is used to reduce the risk of flooding, reduce pollution of surface and underground water, and to protect the environment. The aim was to apply rain gardens on a different locations-scale, with the tendency to further install them also into other cities in Serbia with climate change issues such as urban flooding. Project involved installation of two rain gardens whithin suburban community of Novi Sad and rain garden installation along parking of urban part of Novi Sad. Projects have the goal to educate about benefits of rain gardens, to serve for analysis and monitoring. The implementation of rain gardens is considered from different aspects, from individual to citizens acceptance and engagement. The project will encourage their integration as climate-adapted, multifunctional solutions within the boundaries of urban space, which, in addition to managing rainwater and increasing flood risk resistance, can also create additional ecological, social and economic value for cities in Serbia.
Rain gardens
Nature based Solutions
Biodiversity
Climate change
Communities conection with nature
Key objectives of the project in the terms of sustainability is reflected trough improvement of rainwater and pollutant capture, biodiversity and ecosystem resilience in urban and rural areas. The role of rain gardens as NbS is to help with protection from climate change impacts while slowing further warming towards both climate mitigation and adaptation. Implemented examples of rain gardens have a primary function of managing rainwater in a sustainable way by capturing, holding and filtering rainwater after a rainfall event , by infiltrating rain into soil unlike traditional way of rainwater management that involves the use of sewage pipes, while also, promote the use of green areas, local materials and native vegetation. Furthermore, rain gardens are low cost, low maintenance and low carbon emissions solutions.
In terms of aesthetics and quality of experience for people, beside the feelings for providing significant environmental contribution, rain gardens also added beauty and aesthetic values. Positive emotions trough rain gardens are reflected both for individuals (owners of private rain gardens) and for community from the perspective of connecting with nature. Rain gardens not only added visual beauty to the landscape, but they also, by turning conventional green areas into spaces that highlight the role of nature including processes like water retention and storage, water infiltration and evapotranspiration and adapting them to existing physical, social and climatic conditions, they create a feeling of engagement and responsibility. From the wider side, examples of rain gardens provide a more satisfactory spatial relationships between the green matrix and the city as well as the possibilities of harmonizing two systems - natural and urban. Besides that, the use of rain gardens is connected with creating spaces that are transforming urban, impervious areas into greener and healthier areas and contributes to better understanding this solutions and their multidisciplinary roles.
Nature based approach have the clear potential to support social inclusion, trough a community project at a school or park, public project, and neighborhoods, community rain gardens support, through learning and implementation. The installation of rain gardens encouraged involvement of variety of individuals and groups, volunteers, religious groups and others in the field of education and training, academic, professional etc. Installation also included different gender and ages. Nature-based solutions focus on the health and environment benefits, encouraging neighborhoods to mutually care about common green areas.
Implementation of rain gardens within suburban community and urban area introduced rain gardens trough presentations, web and printed media and the most important, they involved neighborhoods of different ages together in organizing and installing a rain garden project. Neighborhoods have participated in the procurement of materials and installation of urban rain garden. The impact of this involvement was learning how to construct and use Nature based solutions - rain garden to help preserve the environment. During implementation, local elementary school students were also involved in education about how to install and maintain rain gardens, how they work in practice etc.
The design and implementation of the project engaged local stakeholders in the procurement of materials and support in all stages of planning and implementation of rain garden in urban part of Novi Sad. Local government and representatives public utility services also supported the implementation of rain garden. This support helped in final construction of rain garden and recognition of this action as positive change for the city in further implementation.
In the implementation of the project, different disciplines and knowledge fields were reflected like ecology, landscape architecture, political science, educational work, biology, history, computer science, arts etc. Interaction of representatives of these different fields was reflected trough coordination and support action collaboration in planning and further promoting rain garden project and urban regeneration of Novi Sad city, shared experience and knowledge.
The results of project provide the opportunity to implement Nature-based solutions in the city of Novi Sad in the direction of overcoming problems such as pollution and floods caused by heavy rain and to create healthy natural environments. Direct results included the physical transformation and regeneration of urban and rural area, presentation of rain gardens in practice in order to encourage their integration and their popularization in Serbia. Direct and indirect beneficiars are people, that thanks to their re-connection with nature, are aware of benefits of involving solutions like rain gardens. Implemented rain gardens will serve as a model for analysis and education, i.e. determining the possibility and success of applying these solutions in Serbia, proposal of guidelines for design, selection of plant and building materials that are inspired with nature.
Given that rain gardens as a primer of Nature based Solutions are a relatively new technology, there was a lack of practical examples of rain gardens in Serbia that can serve as guidelines for the design and application of these systems, adapting to conditions specific to urban areas, i.e. to a city like Novi Sad. The inovative character of the project is therefore, providing practical, inovative examples for multi-functional management and ecosystem restoration.
Project involved the multidisciplinary approach that is reflected in research about Nature-based solutions and innovation actions, experimentation and investigation of the effectiveness of nature-based solutions on the field. Analysis included the spatial, social and temporal context analyses and examination of the potential for the application of rain gardens in the city of Novi Sad, with the aim of reducing urban floods, water pollution and increasing biodiversity, particularly with regard to locations that are detected as vulnerable with high priority for implementation. Approach also included mapping the opportunities available for incorporating rain gardens and finally desicion making based on available space for construction, involving community - local stakeholders, citizens and finally implementation of rain gardens. Future research and interventions will be based on the effectiveness and feedback of current examples of rain gardens.
Actions and demonstration projects of rain gardens can be replicated on the different scale, and serve as a model for further implementation and education in other cities of Serbia, like larger-scale demonstration projects and projects incorporated into different locations (on a street level, park level etc). Projects can involve the multidisciplinary described approach but also, include innovation in experimentation and testing of good rain gardens practices like the use of different materials or vegetation, changes in policy, legislation and spatial planning.
Serbia, as many European countries is exposed to different natural and technological hazards, like drought, extreme temperatures, floods etc. The implementation of rain gardens on a local scale can contribute in improving human health and well-being and the natural environment, improve resilience and adapting to global climate change and pollution.