A Slow City: Rethinking Ferizaj’s Infrastructures, Landscapes and Urbanism
The project tends to apply the "slow food movement" in city planning and persistently seeks to propose possible resilient scenarios that promote environmental justice, soft mobility, sustainable design, heritage and social integration. Multi-scalar research that is based on multiple drivers of socio-economic and socio-political factors, is crucial in order to develop a generic design framework for a singular layered strategy that will follow the initial conceptual ambitions.
Local
Kosovo
Ferizaj Municipality
Kosovo Field
It addresses urban-rural linkages
It refers to a physical transformation of the built environment (hard investment)
No
No
Yes
As an individual
First name: Dielleza Last name: Tahiri Gender: Female Nationality: Kosovo If relevant, please select your other nationality: orth Macedonia Address (country of permanent residence for individuals or address of the organisation)<br/>Street and number: Brahim Ademi 80 Town: Ferizaj Postal code: 70000 Country: Kosovo Direct Tel:+383 49 274 083 E-mail:dielleza.tahiri@mail.polimi.it Website:http://diellezatahiri.com
ABSTRACT: This ‘research by design’ project critically argues about commercial-led productions of “fast” cities in Kosovo and their post-war transformations, particularly the city of Ferizaj. It further analyses in depth significant layers and factors from which the city was historically developed; elaborates patterns of transformations in the city centre and the city edges; illustrates uncontrolled urban growth, land changes, lack of public spaces, infrastructural chaos, abandoned landscapes, neglected agriculture, water pollution, industrial production, cultural values of identity and heritage; discusses about different contemporary and experimental approaches in urban planning; and introduces design strategies of layered, multi-scale, natural based solutions on how to tackle the fast urban growth issue and how to apply the slow food movement philosophy in urbanism, landscape and lifestyle combined into A Slow City.
urban design
landscape design
environmental design
architecture
infrastructure
Transformation of Ferizaj holds a remarkable economic value at one side and a terrible environmental justice on the other. Fast urban growth is having tons of consequences in multiple degradation levels such as continuous neglect of identity and heritage; irresponsible water management and pollution; illegal high-rise architecture; deforestation and climate change; infrastructural chaos; lack of public spaces; a series of abandoned landscapes; and constant loss of agricultural fields. Following systematic research, a methodology of sketch mapping and a selective criteria, this project comes to clarify several sites where most of the above issues intersect with one another. What all these sites have in common is the speed urban growth. Ergo, a reversed and contrasted concept is proposed to slow down this ‘speed’ and direct the city towards a sustainable future. Founded by Carlo Petrini in 1986, the slow food movement philosophy can be translated in urban planning concepts, respectively in slow landscapes and urbanism, towards a slow city, that totally deflect rapid developments and aims for more compact and sustainable cities. Therefore, the idea of Ferizaj as A Slow City is elaborated throughout the project proposal, collecting three ‘scenarios’41 of what if-s?
1- “What if water defines growth?” is about giving more territory to the land itself instead of new buildings, which is the first conceptual step into the strategy of A Slow City.
2- “What if a tram revives the city?” as the second design scenario, means that a new rail will be given to people, providing a public transport network of trams and bike lanes, moving from the center towards the city edges, connecting and inhabiting diverse clusters of public spaces.
3- “What if the edges gain a new identity?” seeks to transform city peripheries into new sustainable community spaces, and conveys alternative possibilities of circular economy, commercialism, and social awareness regarding environmental justice.
Since the project jumps from scale to scale, it factors many significant levels of sustainability and life quality in commercial-led cities, like cities in Western Balkans and not just Kosovo. These cities are experiencing rapid urban development and are co-depended on the idea of “speed” as subconsciously the main idea of urban vision in order to follow a sort of "Europeanization". But the development that's happening is very much car-focused and as such, occurs on a rapid timetable, separates land uses, creates infrastructural chaos, and devalues the concept of a sustainable, compact, and “walkable” city.
One of the project key objectives is social awareness towards sustainability, environmental justice, heritage, connection with nature and natural based solutions. Through multi-scalar research and design, the project aims to make the city more people-friendly, bike-friendly, it provides opportunities for employment through production and food processing economy, and it encourages people to walk or use public transport rather than individual cars, be closer to nature, water and agriculture, as well as appreciate the slow-food ideology as an important income for circular economy.
In terms of inclusion, the project tends to consider many factors that are significant for a city. Especially when it comes to social values, community needs, accessibility, social integration, design for all principles. For example, design for all principles are followed when designing new buildings, regenerating new landscapes and designing public spaces in the city which are equipped with elevators (in buildings), ramps (in landscape & urban design), and green spaces for recreation and rest (in sports and agricultural districts). On the other hand, accessibility and affordability of this initiative is very reachable since the project is in accordance with the governing systems and municipality strategic plans for the future of Ferizaj and its region.
Citizens of Ferizaj will be given their city back. They will have more open spaces, more remote-working possibilities, more green spaces, new proper sport facilities, a new architectural design concept of living together, will focus on preserving important heritage elements instead of destroying them, will have many new businesses, a considerate economy boost by food production, processing factories, and more importantly a circular economy based on local products, heritage and sustainability.
During the research phase of the project, important local stakeholders were involved as well as academic professors from Italy were advised, during the whole initiative. This includes a series of interviews with the Director of Urbanism and Environment Department in the Municipality of Ferizaj, informative meeting with the cabinet of experts from the Municipality, a lot of interviews with citizens of Ferizaj from different age groups.
Coming from a multi-scalar and multi-disciplinary research-based design, various scopes of fields were involved in the process. Many research papers and interviews with experts were conducted in order to gain a realistic model of the context and its challenges. There are 4 research dimensions that are intersected with one another, simplified as: Infrastructure, Built Environment, Economy, Landscape and Water. Within all these dimensions, specific investigations were followed with many stakeholders involved which helped the design process towards new strategic thinking of 3 scenarios that would solve the problems related to these dimensions. For instance, studying the relation between water, landscape and economy resulted in a paradigm of 'lack of water & deforestation' caused by the economic development and large investments in wood industry, which ironically is the leading industry of Ferizaj. Hence the project tends to strengthen existing industries by following a sustainable approach of providing resources differently and parallelly create more public spaces for influencing social integration with nature.
The innovative character, I believe is the process and methodology area of research by design and design by research. Speaking in terms of educational purposes, this project does not really follow traditional ways of city planning or a linear approach of doing things in order. It rather jumps into an on-going design that goes back and forth to research and vice-versa, through "think globally, act locally" sort of thinking, or better explained "imagine 1:10000 scale, design 1:5 scale".
The process of this project can undoubtedly be used in any city planning initiative, any urban planning process, or any design-based project really. However, the strategic solutions, can be easily replicated or transferred to similar contexts, meaning cities that are experiencing rapid urban growth, like cities in the Western Balkans or Balkans in general.
Research by Design - a methodology that addresses the project both as a research topic – in its conceptual, cultural and technical foundations – and as a form of research in its whole. It is highly relied on a multi-scalar layered analysis and hypothetical proposals to tackle respective research questions.
Some of the global challenges this initiative addresses are Climate Change and Environmental Justice, Lack of Water, Food Insecurity, Unemployment, Mental health, and other Social Issues.
These challenges are addressed through many interventions within the city of Ferizaj, in an urban-landscape scale, infrastructure and building scales. Starting with 1-Sustainable mobility (proposing public transport of tramways within the city to reduce the usage of cars); 2- Bioswales and Rain Gardens (proposing NBS in public roads, parking areas, boulevards and building roofs); 3- Circular Economy (proposing an experimental 'city-village' at the peripheries of the city where new housing units, community gardens, new food processing factories and zero-km restaurant are designed reusing local traditions and cultivations); 4- Solar Panels (are designed within all respective buildings); 5- Biodiversity (newly designed public spaces in the city, wetland landscapes, productive landscapes, parks and so on, all connected to the nearby forests at the city peripheries); 6- Remote working cabins ( prefab microarchitecture placed within the newly designed wetland landscape, to accommodate people who need spaces to work, meet or study).
Since this initiative is actually a Master Thesis project supervised by prof Matteo Motti, it was first presented at one of the Politecnico di Milano campuses in Italy. The professional committee discussed and evaluated the project with the highest grade of Italian grading system: 110/110 con lode (Latin honors).
Later, the project was presented to the municipality of Ferizaj, Department of Urbanism and Environment. They lack currently lack funding, but they discussed the possibility of considering this project within the future municipality plans for the city of Ferizaj.
Recently, I was invited to present this project for the Landscapes of Repair Exhibition in Kosovo, organized by ForumZFD, which aims to open debates on Western Balkans past and present challenges from different fields and topics.
This initiative shows new possibilities for cities of Western Balkans or even European cities that are experiencing fast development in this era of globalization and capitalist economy which may be regarded as slowly damaging some important values of society. Living together with nature is a topic often implied by some experimental proposals in this research project. While this initiative is simply educational and research based on design, it still tackles a lot of issues and ideas regarding the contemporary city concept, within the European competence framework on sustainability.